With the Louisiana Purchase, US citizens wanted to move to the new fertile land, despite it already being occupied. The Indian Removal Act gave Jackson the power to make treaties that gave Native Americans land west of the Mississippi river in exchange for land east of the Mississippi. Yet if the Native Americans stayed, they would become citizens of the state. When some tribes resisted, Jackson used violent force to make them relocate. In 1831, The Supreme Court ruled that Native Americans had the right to self-govern, but President Jackson and state governments chose to ignore this. This conflict led to the bloody Second and Third Seminole War and, worse of all, the Trail of Tears, where 4,000 Native Americans died unfortunate, cruel deaths caused by the US soldiers. Overall, 46,000 Native Americans were relocated.